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Habeas petitions described a broad range of carceral, institutional, and interpersonal confinement over the long nineteenth century, including those used to demand due process, resist enslavement, challenge child removal and reservation confinement, avoid deportation, present child custody claims and protest child marriage, and to challenge institutionalization and detention in private and state institutions. As a legal mechanism borrowed from British common law and guaranteed as a civil right in US federal and state constitutions, habeas provides a lens on a diverse community of legal actors.

Our encoding practice allows us to identify petitions in these three categories and to indicate where those categories overlap. In addition to these three general categories, our team has identified the specific carceral charge being challenged as well as the particular forms of institutional and interpersonal confinements being questioned.

You may also browse or search petitions by location and/or jurisdiction to learn more about the myriad complaints petitioners brought before judges in Arizona, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oregon, and Washington between 1812 and 1924. Each case entry includes a full citation, a summary, links to people with a role in the case, a list of other people named, and any sites of significance. Visitors wanting access to full case files can contact the cited repository for information about obtaining copies. Those without institutional affiliations may request image scans from Dr. Jagodinsky directly. The Glossary defines the attributes used to structure data from the habeas petitions. The Code Book explains the relational structure of the data and functionality of the database website.

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398 results

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Vincent Duncan vs. James Duncan

  • Earliest record date: November 5, 1829
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: wrongful enslavement
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

United States of America vs. Leonard Martin

  • Earliest record date: May 1, 1885
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: unlawfully soliciting business
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Thomas Reddington and Patrick Gallagher v. William Cochrane

  • Earliest record date: September 15, 1887
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: first degree murder
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Thomas and Catherine Gilbert v. William Cochrane

  • Earliest record date: May 2, 1888
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: imprisoned for longer than term
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Territory of Washington v. Chin Chung. Application for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 10, 1882
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: drug use | Carceral: opium use | Carceral: refusal or inability to pay fine
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

Territory of Nebraska v. James Appleby

  • Earliest record date: September 29, 1865
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: murder
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

The State of Nebraska vs. Frank Kelley

  • Earliest record date: September 7, 1867
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released on bail

The State of Nebraska v. Yellow Sun et al

  • Earliest record date: June 12, 1871
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: murder
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released on bail

State of Missouri vs James Watt

  • Earliest record date: September 10, 1820
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny | Carceral: being in possession of stolen goods
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Peter Nelson et al. v. Lewis V. Wycoff

  • Earliest record date: April 28, 1875
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: detaining sailors aboard ship
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Peter, a free man of color vs. James Walton, George Walton

  • Earliest record date: November 24, 1827
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: wrongful enslavement
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Pete Jelott Relator vs. Michael L. Clark Sheriff, Respondent

  • Earliest record date: December 30, 1918
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: possession of intoxicating liquor
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Released on bail

The People et al John Williams vs. Henry Grebe Sheriff

  • Earliest record date: June 25, 1870
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Patrick Holland vs. Dr. R. E. Lee Steiner

  • Earliest record date: February 13, 1913
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: insanity
  • Petition outcome: Writ dismissed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Nathan Cole, a person of color v. Elijah Mitchel

  • Earliest record date: May 22, 1832
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Mary Arlington and Timothy Johnson V. Lewis Byrd

  • Earliest record date: January 23, 1885
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: opium use
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

Malinda and Nelly, people of color, by and through their next friend, Beriah Cleland v. Robert Wilburn

  • Earliest record date: December 1, 1821
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: wrongful enslavement
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

Leroy Smith v. O. P. Halligan

  • Earliest record date: April 7, 1916
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: drug use | Carceral: possession of cocaine leaves
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Order of discharge

Joseph Deveriske v. Territory of Washington

  • Earliest record date: April 7, 1888
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

John Singleton vs. Alexander Scott, Robert Lewis

  • Earliest record date: August 30, 1827
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: wrongful enslavement
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

John Bryant vs. Territory of Nebraska

  • Earliest record date: September 27, 1865
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

James McGarth and William Herbert v. King County

  • Earliest record date: March 17, 1880
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: passing counterfeit currency
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Isaiah Peterson v. Orrin Rhodes

  • Earliest record date: August 25, 1856
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Re-Application of Minnie Smith for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: August 3, 1886
  • Petition type(s): Unknown
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of Viola McAtee Jacobson for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 28, 1922
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: conspiracy
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of Thomas Ruby for writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 1, 1883
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: burglary
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the Matter of Thomas Rice for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: April 16, 1890
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: Habitual Drunkenness
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of Thomas Fountain for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 13, 1891
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: assault with a deadly weapon
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the matter of the Unlawful Detention of Seventy-Six Hindus.

  • Earliest record date: October 8, 1912
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: immigration | Carceral: public charge
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the petition of William Jewett for Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: April 5, 1889
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: crime of seduction
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the Matter of the Petition of Thomas Ball for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: December 13, 1905
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: failure to pay
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the petition of Swan Larson for writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: August 17, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: no charge
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Petition of Robert Gillis for writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: September 22, 1904
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive from justice
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the matter of the petition of P. D. Hughes for a writ of Habeas Corpus for Frank Richards

  • Earliest record date: February 18, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the petition of Kichitaro Kubota and Ise Kubota, his wife, for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: September 4, 1920
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: immigration | Carceral: public charge
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the Matter of the Petition of John O'Day for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: September 19, 1906
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the Petition of John Jones - alias John Cook - for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 7, 1857
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the petition of James Oswald on behalf of Bill Oswald for a Writ of Habeas Corpus and the Answer of E. M. Croisan Sheriff of Marion County, Oregon to said Writ

  • Earliest record date: October 1, 1890
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the matter of the Petition of J. D. Crary for a Writ of Habeas Corpus for William Setter

  • Earliest record date: March 19, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: grand larceny
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the petition of Ida King for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: April 2, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the Matter of the Petition of Hugh J. O'Neill for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 22, 1905
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fraudulent sale of railroad tickets
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the matter of the petition of Hiura, Teiichi for a writ of habeas corpus

  • Earliest record date: July 1, 1920
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: immigration | Carceral: obtaining passport under false pretenses | Carceral: public charge
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the petition of Fritz Lee for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: September 16, 1901
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the Petition of Frank E. Sims for Habeaus Corpus for F. W. Beyer

  • Earliest record date: December 10, 1902
  • Petition type(s): Carceral
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the Petition of Frank E. Sims for Habeaus Corpus for F. W. Beyer

  • Earliest record date: December 10, 1902
  • Petition type(s): Carceral
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the petition of Eugene Lukenger for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 6, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Petition of Cassie Hartman for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: February 5, 1906
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: disturbing the peace | Carceral: provoking an assault
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Petition of Aubrey Pickard for a Writ of Habeas Corpus for Leonard Pickards

  • Earliest record date: January 25, 1921
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: child custody
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the Matter of the Petition of Albert H. Young and Kamasaburo Sugiura, alias B.D. Sugiura, aliens, for WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS.

  • Earliest record date: August 21, 1913
  • Petition type(s): Carceral | carceral: Violation of White Slave Traffic Act | Carceral: immigration
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody | deported

In the matter of the Petition of A.L. Parks for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 2, 1892
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: assault and battery
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown
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