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Habeas petitions described a broad range of carceral, institutional, and interpersonal confinement over the long nineteenth century, including those used to demand due process, resist enslavement, challenge child removal and reservation confinement, avoid deportation, present child custody claims and protest child marriage, and to challenge institutionalization and detention in private and state institutions. As a legal mechanism borrowed from British common law and guaranteed as a civil right in US federal and state constitutions, habeas provides a lens on a diverse community of legal actors.

Our encoding practice allows us to identify petitions in these three categories and to indicate where those categories overlap. In addition to these three general categories, our team has identified the specific carceral charge being challenged as well as the particular forms of institutional and interpersonal confinements being questioned.

You may also browse or search petitions by location and/or jurisdiction to learn more about the myriad complaints petitioners brought before judges in Arizona, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oregon, and Washington between 1812 and 1924. Each case entry includes a full citation, a summary, links to people with a role in the case, a list of other people named, and any sites of significance. Visitors wanting access to full case files can contact the cited repository for information about obtaining copies. Those without institutional affiliations may request image scans from Dr. Jagodinsky directly. The Glossary defines the attributes used to structure data from the habeas petitions. The Code Book explains the relational structure of the data and functionality of the database website.

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J.M. Burks and William Moore vs. W. Tompkins

  • Earliest record date: October 3, 1864
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

W.M. Kirby vs. Territory of Washington

  • Earliest record date: August 16, 1862
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: murder
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Not in custody

George W. Lunkin vs. Capt. W. S. Matthews

  • Earliest record date: July 29, 1862
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: underage military enlistment
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Abner S. Nancy v. Capt William M. Matthews

  • Earliest record date: August 14, 1862
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: underage military enlistment
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the application of James King to be discharged from prison by Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 25, 1868
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

The State of Nebraska v. Yellow Sun et al

  • Earliest record date: June 12, 1871
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: murder
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released on bail

Habeas Corpus of James Brooks against Edw. Cudihee Shf.

  • Earliest record date: March 24, 1914
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: no charge
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus in the Matter of Terrance O'Connell

  • Earliest record date: March 9, 1854
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: underage military enlistment
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of E. P. Child to be discharged from custody on a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 27, 1868
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Frank Zarnnif for Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: April 26, 1870
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Habeas Corpus To the Jailor of S Louis County. P. Chouteau Sr. B. Pratte & A. Amelin

  • Earliest record date: May 10, 1826
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Application of William, A Chinaman, for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: October 24, 1884
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: opium use | Carceral: refusal or inability to pay fine | Carceral: drug use
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the application of Robert Ashburn for writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: July 3, 1886
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: child custody
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: New custody arrangement reached

Habeas Corpus in the matter of Charles Wittien

  • Earliest record date: August 13, 1856
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Ann, a woman of color v. John M. Jamison

  • Earliest record date: June 21, 1844
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Micheal Richie for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: August 12, 1886
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the application of Richard Henry Walton for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: July 17, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Territory of Nebraska v. Leonard A. Collins

  • Earliest record date: April 24, 1866
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus in the matter of J. C. Stewart

  • Earliest record date: October 13, 1855
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive from justice
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Not in custody

In the matter of the application of Habeas Corpus for J. S. McGuire

  • Earliest record date: June 5, 1885
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus of Adolph A. Gust against Edward Cudihee as Sheriff

  • Earliest record date: July 30, 1913
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: contempt of court
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Charles Pollow for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: November 7, 1890
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus in the matter of John Medford

  • Earliest record date: December 8, 1854
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: child custody
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Habeas Corpus in the matter of William Emerson

  • Earliest record date: June 27, 1855
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: burglary and larceny
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Sam Walton for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: December 13, 1918
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: child custody
  • Petition outcome: Writ dismissed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Application of Lars Brown for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: August 22, 1882
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: murder
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Application of Elizabeth A Wineteer, for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: December 16, 1910
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: insanity
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Alex Anderson on Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: October 12, 1874
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

J. M. Burks and William Moore v. W. Tompkins

  • Earliest record date: October 3, 1864
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Lee Still for a Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: April 26, 1869
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of W. H. Watson for writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 26, 1886
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Charles Dixon for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: September 9, 1869
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Habeas Corpus in the matter of Wm. H. Ferguson

  • Earliest record date: October 25, 1855
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: robbery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the Matter of the Application of L. J. Urann for Writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 22, 1905
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: embezzlement
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the application of Lewis Cole for discharge from imprisonment under Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: May 19, 1868
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In the matter of the petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus of O. D. Moore

  • Earliest record date: December 20, 1902
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: bootlegging | Carceral: peddling without a license
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus in the matter of Amadee E. Quevreux

  • Earliest record date: December 22, 1855
  • Petition type(s): Interpersonal: child custody | Interpersonal: wrongful servitude
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of James B. Graham for a writ of Habeas Corpus for Joseph Edward Ohlson

  • Earliest record date: September 10, 1908
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: insanity
  • Petition outcome: Writ denied
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

In re: E. Stubley on Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: February 1, 1909
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: imprisoned for longer than term | Carceral
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

By the Habeas Corpus Act in the matter of Philip Ahren

  • Earliest record date: December 18, 1851
  • Petition type(s): Institutional: underage military enlistment
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

In the matter of the application of Peter Barrett

  • Earliest record date: November 22, 1887
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Remained in custody

Francis A. Castie vs. Territory of Nebraska

  • Earliest record date: June 23, 1865
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown

Habeas Corpus in the matter of Maria Summers

  • Earliest record date: November 13, 1856
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of William Johnson for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: August 25, 1877
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: disturbing the peace
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Fred Wood for Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: March 30, 1878
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

Habeas Corpus in the matter of Joseph Adams

  • Earliest record date: June 12, 1854
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of Elizabeth Vincent

  • Earliest record date: May 13, 1859
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of Nelson Lawson

  • Earliest record date: June 23, 1858
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: fugitive slavery
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released from custody

In the matter of the application of Dawson H. Darrow for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: June 20, 1868
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: larceny
  • Petition outcome: Writ allowed
  • Fate of bound party: Released on bail

In the matter of the application of Jos. Winterhalter for a writ of Habeas Corpus

  • Earliest record date: May 15, 1903
  • Petition type(s): Carceral: cause unspecified
  • Petition outcome: Unknown
  • Fate of bound party: Unknown
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