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People

Meet the many people who argued for and against carceral, institutional, and interpersonal confinement in the petitions filed in County and District Courts throughout the American West over the long nineteenth century. Browse or search people by name, demographic characteristics, case role, and/or relationships described in each petition. Our encoding practice for people features data pulled from the available case files and in some instances additional data from supplemental sources is also included. Only people with case roles are indexed here, while all persons named in a case are listed on the case page. The Glossary defines the attributes used to structure data from the habeas petitions. The Code Book explains the relational structure of the data and functionality of the database website.

Clara Martínez holding her grandson, Robert Marron Romero. Links to Lucía Martínez's story.

Featured story: Lucía Martínez: Yaqui Arizona, 1854-1900

Basic Search

Simply enter the word you wish to find and the search engine will search for every instance of the word in the journals. For example: Fight. All instances of the use of the word fight will show up on the results page.

Wildcard Searches

Using an asterisk (*) will increase the odds of finding the results you are seeking. For example: Fight*. The search results will display every instance of fight, fights, fighting, etc. More than one wildcard may be used. For example: *ricar*. This search will return most references to the Aricara tribe, including Ricara, Ricares, Aricaris, Ricaries, Ricaree, Ricareis, and Ricarra. Using a question mark (?) instead of an asterisk (*) will allow you to search for a single character. For example, r?n will find all instances of ran and run, but will not find rain or ruin.

Capitalization

Searches are not case sensitive. For example: george will come up with the same results as George.

Phrase Search

Searching for a specific phrase may help narrow down the results. Rather long phrases are no problem. For example: "This white pudding we all esteem".

Subsequent Searches

Because of the creative spellings used by the journalists, it may be necessary to try your search multiple times. For example: P?ro*. This search brings up numerous variant spellings of the French word pirogue, "a large dugout canoe or open boat." Searching for P?*r*og?* will bring up other variant spellings. Searching for canoe or boat also may be helpful.

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832 results

Holmes, Mary (Polly)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1810
  • Birth place: Virginia
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Black

Holmes, Robert (Robin)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1810
  • Birth place: Virginia
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Davis, Nelson

  • Birth date: January 1, 1827
  • Birth place: Tennessee
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Hamilton, Leuvica O.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1830
  • Birth place: Kentucky
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Respondent, holding party, responding party

Davis, Sarah M.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1832
  • Birth place: Kentucky
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Respondent, holding party, responding party

Woolsey, King S.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1833
  • Birth place: Alabama
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Respondent

Autle, Francis F. (Francis M.)

  • Birth date: January 29, 1834
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Donohue, John W.

  • Birth date: November 3, 1835
  • Birth place: Kentucky, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Bound party

McCanter, James

  • Birth date: March 15, 1836
  • Birth place: Ireland
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Stall, Henry M.

  • Birth date: August 31, 1836
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Dowd, Owen

  • Birth date: September 29, 1836
  • Birth place: Ireland
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

McAlvoy, James (alias James Roy)

  • Birth date: July 1, 1837
  • Birth place: Pennsylvania, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Gallivan, Timothy

  • Birth date: December 22, 1837
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Armstrong, Lydia

  • Birth date: January 1, 1839
  • Birth place: Indiana
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Holmes, Mary Jane (Jenny)

  • Birth date: December 4, 1839
  • Birth place: Missouri
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Armstrong, William W.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1840
  • Birth place: New York
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Holding party

Martin, Nancy (Nancy Belle Miller)

  • Birth date: February 29, 1840
  • Birth place: Virginia, United States
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Halpin, Bridgett (Halfpeney)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1841
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Church, Martha (Martha Wright)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1841
  • Birth place: Ohio
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Respondent, responding party, holding party

McKay, Alice

  • Birth date: January 1, 1841
  • Birth place: Ireland
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Tully, Alice

  • Birth date: September 20, 1841
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Dobbs, Lemuel M.

  • Birth date: April 1, 1842
  • Birth place: Pennsylvania
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Parkinson, William M.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1843
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Krause, Augusta

  • Birth date: January 1, 1844
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Holmes, James R.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1845
  • Birth place: Polk County, Oregon
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Eastwick, Euphemia M.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1845
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Van Ormer, Christina (Christiana Summerlad)

  • Birth date: September 1, 1846
  • Birth place: Germany
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White, German
  • Case role(s): Respondent, responding party, holding party

Holmes, Roxanna

  • Birth date: October 1, 1846
  • Birth place: Polk County, Oregon
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Gieselman, William

  • Birth date: January 1, 1847
  • Birth place: Germany
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: German, White
  • Case role(s): Responding party, holding party

LaChappelle, Joe (Lachapell)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1847
  • Birth place: Oregon, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner, bound party

Griffin, Dennis

  • Birth date: January 1, 1848
  • Birth place: Iowa
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White, Irish
  • Case role(s): Petitioner, bound party

Noonan, Fannie

  • Birth date: January 1, 1848
  • Birth place: New York
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White, Irish
  • Case role(s): Holding party, respondent, responding party

Edwards, Martha Adaline

  • Birth date: January 1, 1849
  • Birth place: Missouri
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Clifton, Charles T.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1849
  • Birth place: Nebraska
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Holding party

Gieselman, Dora

  • Birth date: January 1, 1851
  • Birth place: Germany
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: German
  • Case role(s): Respondent, holding party

Derrick, Louisa Jane

  • Birth date: January 1, 1852
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Bound party

Switzer, Anvern J.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1852
  • Birth place: Illinois, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Sawtell, Fred E.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1854
  • Birth place: Illinois
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Respondent

Davis, Annie

  • Birth date: January 1, 1854
  • Birth place: New York
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Martinez, Lucia (Lucy Woolsey)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1854
  • Birth place: Sonora, Mexico
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Indigenous, Hispanic (Mexican)
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Clifton, Emma F.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1856
  • Birth place: New York
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: White

Yates, Milo

  • Birth date: July 17, 1856
  • Birth place: Illinois
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Rasmus, Henry

  • Birth date: August 8, 1856
  • Birth place: Germany
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White, German
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Sigman, William

  • Birth date: January 1, 1857
  • Birth place: Unknown
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Teter, Harvey (Howard)

  • Birth date: January 1, 1857
  • Birth place: Illinois
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Respondent, responding party, holding party

Carr, Samuel L.

  • Birth date: January 1, 1857
  • Birth place: Missouri, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: Black
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Richardson, Samuel Thurston

  • Birth date: July 8, 1857
  • Birth place: Oregon, United States
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White
  • Case role(s): Petitioner attorney

Yates, Arizona J. (Arizona Roger)

  • Birth date: July 6, 1858
  • Birth place: Virginia
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Holding party, respondent, responding party

Evers, Christ (Christian Evers)

  • Birth date: August 1, 1859
  • Birth place: Germany
  • Sex: Male
  • Race or ethnicity: White, German
  • Case role(s): Petitioner

Hume, Leuvica

  • Birth date: January 1, 1860
  • Birth place: Washington Territory
  • Sex: Female
  • Race or ethnicity: Unknown
  • Case role(s): Respondent, holding party, responding party
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